As a result of treat with TFE, the blood glucose decreased but there was no significant difference, and other indicators showed significant improvement. There was a significant difference in the changes between the diabetes group and the control group. Protein expression (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, transforming growth factor-beta-1, interleukin-6, and 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) was detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot techniques. Analytical biochemistry 1 Comparative biochemistry and physiology 1 Langmuir 1 Publication Year. Toggle facets Limit your search Text Availability. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used for observing the testis and epididymis pathological changes. You searched for: Author 'Ying-hao Li' Remove constraint Author: 'Ying-hao Li' Start Over. All testes were weighted to calculate the testicular organ index. Testicular tissue samples and blood samples of rats were collected for histopathological examination and for determination of levels of various biomarkers including blood glucose, testosterone, testicular enzymes, and oxidative stress indicators. After TFE administration, all animals were euthanized. Gastrointestinal administration begins at fifth week of TFE for 6 weeks. Within each niche, CSCs engage in a complex array of reciprocal signaling with both tumor and normal cells and encounter a wide variety of extracellular conditions and cues ().Signaling within the hypoxic core of solid tumors, characterized by low oxygen, acidic pH, and low nutrient availability, has been shown to drive critical mediators of stemness (Diehn et al. Thirty male healthy Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into following groups: the control group, the diabetic group, and the diabetic + TFE group. The diabetic rat model was induced by vein injection of STZ in healthy rats. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the role that total flavonoids of Epimedium (TFE) played against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic testicular dysfunction and to elucidate the mechanism of action. Testicular damage is the anomaly that will often accompany diabetes mellitus.